“Our home was destroyed by an airstrike. We have nowhere safe to return. Living in displacement feels like living death – only fear and no hope.”
— Internally displaced woman from the Northwest.
Myanmar’s humanitarian crisis has continued to deepen due to intensifying conflict, recurrent natural disasters, and steady economic collapse. In the first half of 2025, Myanmar ranked second globally for conflict intensity and the fourth most dangerous country for civilians, with more than half of the population exposed to conflict. The security situation for civilians is deteriorating, protection risks are severe, and the resilience of communities is stretched to breaking point.
Overall, an estimated 3.6 million people have been displaced, with 1.7 million in the hardest-hit regions in the Northwest, Rakhine, and Southeast. Most conflict-displaced people have fled their homes multiple times and often end up in informal shelters with limited access to food, healthcare, and clean water. Beyond the conflict, the humanitarian situation seriously worsened in March 2025 when a major earthquake (magnitude 7.7) struck central Myanmar, damaging infrastructure and increasing humanitarian needs.
The crisis has severely and uniquely affected women, girls, adolescent boys, and lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender persons. Many have been forced to resort to negative coping mechanisms due to displacement, financial distress, and the lack of access to basic social services such as education and health care, including mental health care. This has only increased their vulnerability to violence, human trafficking, early or forced marriage, mental health disorders and sexual exploitation and sexual abuse.
The significant underfunding of the response combined with inflation, access restrictions, and interruptions to services has resulted in many essential needs going unaddressed and worsening over time. Based on in-depth analysis of the humanitarian shocks and its related impacts, the Myanmar Humanitarian Country Team (HCT) has focused the scope of analysis for 2026 to cover two thirds of the country where needs are most severe.
People in need and displacement trends
Security incidents in 2025
The Rohingya crisis
Rohingya people are among the most vulnerable populations in Myanmar, having endured decades of violence, systemic discrimination, and persecution. As of 30 June 2025, an estimated 550,000 Rohingya remain in Rakhine, while more than 1.1 million have taken refuge in Bangladesh. Of those still in Rakhine, around 153,000 are living in IDP camps in Kyaukpyu, Kyauktaw, Myebon, Pauktaw and Sittwe townships, the majority since the 2012 inter-communal conflict. Another 82,000 remain displaced by clashes between the Arakan Army and Myanmar Armed Forces (MAF) between 2019 and 2025. Systematic discrimination, including the lack of citizenship and documentation targeting Rohingya in both camps and villages severely hampers their freedom of movement, often leading to detention, extortion, and exploitation when traveling, and leaves them at constant risk of harassment and abuse.
The ongoing conflict between the Arakan Army and MAF continues to exert significant pressure on the Rohingya, particularly in northern Rakhine. Multiple parties have imposed demands on the population for taxation and recruitment. While the administrative structure under the Arakan Army remains unclear, concerns persist regarding the future and fundamental human rights of the Rohingya in Rakhine. The deterioration in political and conflict dynamics continues to drive Rohingya to seek safety and protection abroad.
Mine and ERW casualties in 2025 (January - June 2025
Health care incidents
With elections scheduled for areas of the country under MAF control in December 2025 and January 2026, it is expected that in the immediate term, the political and operational environment will remain unstable, insecure and volatile. The situation could potentially negatively impact humanitarian needs, access, displacement and returns, and require a highly flexible humanitarian response with heavy reliance on local partners.
The Humanitarian Programme Cycle people in need (PiN) figure includes people in need of humanitarian assistance within the geographic scope of the crisis. The Food Security & Nutrition Analysis in Myanmar covers the entirety of the country and has found that 12.4 million people are facing acute food insecurity country-wide (i.e. are in phase 3 or above).