Saint Vincent and The Grenadines

2024

Hurricane Beryl: Regional Overview & Planned Response in Grenada and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Revision - Hurricane Beryl Flash Appeal

People targeted in both countries
56.6k
Requirements for both countries (US$)
15.9M

Revised requirements

Revision - 9 August 2024

This page shows the revised requirements for the response to Hurricane Beryl in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Grenada. Note that the rest of this document remains as per date of original publication, on 3 July 2024. As more in-deep information has become available, the extent of the damages is significant, and posing substantial challenges to the logistics of the response efforts.

Considering this, the humanitarian partners - UN Agencies and NGOs - have compiled and submitted a comprehensive list of projects for implementation across both affected countries. This detailed list of proposed interventions underscores the collaborative and coordinated effort necessary to address the needs arising from the impacts of Hurricane Beryl.

In particular, the financial requirements and number of people targeted in the health sector have increased due to the need to procure essential medical equipment such as generators, defibrillators, and cold chain equipment, which are a critical component of the response. These items are indispensable for re-establishing basic health services and ensuring the continuity of care, especially in areas where infrastructure has been severely compromised. The cost of such equipment does not scale directly with the population size; instead, it reflects the baseline requirements for operational health facilities, and will in turn address the needs of the population beyond those currently affected by Hurricane Beryl. Furthermore, in the Grenadines, critical facilities experienced significant damage, necessitating extensive repairs and the re-establishment of essential health services. In Grenada, the focus includes substantial efforts to restore services on Carriacou and Petite Martinique, which are also crucial hubs for healthcare delivery.

These revised requirements reflect a thorough consideration of the current conditions of the communities and aim to ensure an effective and efficient response. Prompt and sustained support to meet the critical needs of the affected populations is required.

The total economic damages in Saint Vincent and Grenadines are estimated at $230.6 million, or 22 percent of the 2023 gross domestic product (GDP), and $218 million in Grenada - 16 percent of the GDP.

The most recent information and data can be found on Humanitarian Action. The detailed projects information for Saint Vincent and the Grenadines can be found here, and the detailed project information for Grenada can be found here. Financial tracking information can be found on the dedicated Financial Tracking Service page.

Beryl Hurricane Flash Appeals overview (August Revision)


At a Glance

Original estimations as of 3 July

  • People potentially affected
    82 thousand
  • People potentially in need
    59 thousand
  • People targeted
    43 thousand
  • Requirements (US$)
    $9 million
The figures presented in this Regional Overview are preliminary and subject to change. They represent initial assessments and estimates based on available data at the time of publication and should therefore be used with caution. As the situation evolves and more information becomes available, these estimates may be adjusted.

Beryl Hurricane Flash Appeals overview

Crisis Overview

Hurricane Beryl hit Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Grenada on 1 July as a Category 4 hurricane, increasing to a Category 5 thereafter. This makes it the earliest Category 5 Atlantic hurricane on record, according to the World Meteorological Organization. Hurricane Beryl is among the worst storms to hit both countries since records began in 1851, with only Hurricane Ivan (2004) appearing to rival Beryl with respect to wind speed and proximity of passage to the islands, according to analysis based on National Ocean and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) data.

Hurricane Beryl passed south of The Dominican Republic and Haiti as a Category 5 Catastrophic hurricane, before slightly slowing to Category 4 upon approach to Jamaica, which was impacted on 3 July. It is then forecasted to impact the Cayman Islands on 4 July, with potential impact over the Yucatán peninsula just north of the border with Belize as a Category 1 or 2 hurricane later in the week, according to Mexican authorities. Additionally, authorities in the Dominican Republic and Haiti, while not directly in Beryl’s path, have raised alert levels in southern areas likely to receive rains caused by Beryl.

Initial reports indicate that at least five people have been killed, including one in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and four in Grenada. In Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, 90 per cent of homes on Union Island were reportedly damaged or destroyed, while in Grenada, the islands of Carriacou and Petite Martinique were significantly damaged. Over 3,500 people were reported evacuated from their homes ahead of Beryl’s landfall, including 1,032 people (many of whom stayed in 68 evacuation shelters) in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and 2,500 people in Grenada (many of whom stayed in 40 evacuation shelters), according to the International Federation of the Red Cross and Red Crescent.

Over 80,000 people are potentially affected by Hurricane Beryl across Grenada and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, including more than 40,000 in Grenada and 40,000 people in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, based on the number of people expected to be hit by wind speeds of 120 km/h or above, according to the Pacific Disaster Center (PDC Global). The number of people in need of humanitarian assistance is estimated to be nearly 60,000 people.


Response & International Solidarity

The response to Hurricane Beryl will be led by the Governments of the affected countries, with support from the Caribbean Disaster Emergency Management Agency (CDEMA) and international partners. In preparation for Beryl’s landfall, CDEMA convened a Caribbean Development Partners Group (CDPG) meeting on 30 June 2024, involving over 166 partners from local, regional and international agencies. The CDPG was co-chaired by CDEMA’s Executive Director, Ms. Elizabeth Riley and the UN Resident Coordinator for Barbados and the Eastern Caribbean, Mr. Simon Springett, with major stakeholders in attendance, including the Prime Minister of Grenada, The Honourable Dickon Mitchell, the Prime Minister of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, The Honourable Ralph Gonsalves, as well as National Disaster Coordinators and Ministers who gave updates on the activation of National Emergency Operation Centres, logistics, communications as well as relief and response activities. The CDEMA Coordination Unit activated its Regional Coordination Plan on 29 June.

In support of the Government-led and regional relief effort, humanitarian partners are rapidly ramping-up life-saving and life-sustaining assistance, including multi-purpose cash, food security and emergency livelihoods, healthcare, water, sanitation and hygiene, shelter and essential items and protection of the most vulnerable. As highlighted in the Response Strategy, the preferences expressed by affected people on what and how they wish to receive assistance will be factored into decisions on aid delivery. Wherever feasible and appropriate, cash and voucher assistance will be prioritized, contingent upon markets’ ability to respond to the demand.

An estimated $9 million is urgently required for the immediate humanitarian response in the two countries currently affected, Grenada and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. This will fund humanitarian action by international, national and local humanitarian actors in each of these countries from July to December 2024, in support of the Government-led response in each country. The funding required for the response to Hurricane Beryl will be revised as and when humanitarian partners are able to institute more detailed response planning, based on in-depth needs assessments, and may increase if additional countries are affected by the disaster. Initial estimates of people affected, in need and targeted, as well as financial requirements are captured in this overview and will be updated as the emergency evolves.

Relief organizations are urgently mobilizing resources to support the response, which will be coordinated under this Flash Appeal. On 3 July, the United Nations Secretary-General, Mr. Antonio Guterres, allocated $4 million from the United Nations Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF) to ramp-up the response to Hurricane Beryl, including $1.5 million for Grenada and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Grenada.

Strategic Objectives

S01: Provide life-saving multisectoral assistance to people affected by Hurricane Beryl, in support of Government-led relief efforts.

  • Save lives by providing multipurpose cash, essential shelter, health, including sexual and reproductive health, especially for gender-based violence (GBV) survivors, food, water, non-food items (NFIs), and protection to people affected by the hurricane.
  • Scale up logistics and supply chain support to allow for a timely and effective response.
  • Procure essential medical and health supplies and equipment to replace items destroyed.

S02: Support the rapid delivery and resumption of essential services and livelihoods in hurricane-affected areas.

  • Carry out essential repairs to restore health, including sexual and reproductive health services, water and sanitation, agriculture and education infrastructure and supply chains.
  • Support emergency livelihoods by providing short-term employment for debris clearance and small-scale rehabilitations.
  • Mobilize medical teams and surge public health professionals to scale-up care delivery capacity to affected communities, including mental health.
  • Support water quality monitoring in the areas affected through the procurement of water quality control supplies and equipment and the recruitment/deployment of environmental health technicians and water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) experts.
  • Support local micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) and businesses by integrating them into procurement processes where relevant.

S03: Ensure the protection of Hurricane-affected people, including from gender-based violence, and ensure communities are at the centre of the response.

  • Address immediate protection risks and needs of affected people, including gender-based violence and violence against children.
  • Strive to ensure women and men, boys and girls, can shape the response with their priorities and capacities placed front and centre in humanitarian efforts.
  • Provide products and services to support psychosocial support (PSS), dignity, and safety.

Gender-sensitivity will be critical in needs analysis and response, especially as both countries have a significant proportion of female-headed households: nearly half of all households in Grenada and 39 per cent in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. Female-headed households have been particularly hard-hit by previous disasters in the region. Some of these countries also experience rates of violence against women that are higher than the global average, with 39 percent of women who have ever been in a relationship in Grenada experiencing some form of violence.

Response Strategy & Phases

To save as many lives as possible and provide an accountable and dignified response to people affected by Hurricane Beryl, humanitarians will be guided by the following key consideration, in support of Government-led relief efforts:

  1. Ensuring the response is as local as possible and as international as necessary, with strong partnerships leveraged to deliver for affected people: The Governments of Grenada and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines respectively are leading the response to Hurricane Beryl, with regional support from CDEMA and in-country support from a vibrant network of local actors, robust private sector, national Red Cross societies, and local organizations, including women- and youth-led organizations. Partnerships and respective strengths will be leveraged to deliver timely and quality assistance and protection for people impacted by the hurricane, with international partners bringing to the response their global networks of personnel and supplies, in support of locally-led relief efforts.
  2. Putting people and protection at the centre of the response: It is vital that men, women and children in affected communities are empowered to voice their priorities and share their capacities to inform the response from Day 1. To this end, humanitarian partners will take measures to enhance accountability to affected people (AAP), prevent sexual exploitation and abuse (PSEA), ensure the response is gender-, age-, disability and LGBTQI+-sensitive, and promote protection through all aspects of humanitarian programmes and advocacy.
  3. Utilizing cash assistance where feasible and appropriate, complemented by in-kind assistance where required: Cash assistance, and in particular multi-purpose cash, is recognized as one of the most effective and dignified ways to deliver humanitarian assistance. In situations where markets are functioning and services are available, cash assistance can be more cost-effective than in-kind assistance (thus reaching more people) and empowers people impacted by crisis with the ability to determine and meet their priority needs. However, cash assistance is not always appropriate and for the response to Hurricane Beryl partners will utilize multiple modalities of assistance, as and where needed, to ensure that people are reached with timely and life-saving support.

The initial humanitarian response is expected to take place in two main phases, which may overlap in practice, depending on how the situation and relief efforts evolve:

  1. Immediate Life-Saving Response: Humanitarian actors aim to work rapidly to expand the scale and scope of humanitarian efforts, in support of Government-led responses. This may include: gender-sensitive rapid assessments to inform immediate response; ramping-up deliveries of vital relief items, including food, shelter, blankets clothes, sanitary items; urgent support to resume and/or replace (where needed) the functionality of essential services, especially healthcare and water; multiple actions to prevent and address protection risks, including the updating of key referral pathways for survivors of GBV and continuity of existing services, extensive community engagement and action to reunify separated families, and identification of and response planning for isolated locations.
  2. Supporting People to Resume their Lives: Once the humanitarian response has reached the scale and scope required to save lives and alleviate suffering, support will continue to facilitate recovery and reconstruction; promote resilience-building and community-led recovery efforts; restore livelihoods, community infrastructure and essential health and social services; and transition to longer term recovery and reconstruction activities.
Beryl Hurricane map

Hurricane Beryl impact map

NOTE: The humanitarian crisis caused by Hurricane Beryl is rapidly evolving. This document represents a preliminary indicative estimate of the amount required to respond in both countries that are currently hardest hit. These figures will be updated as soon as the situation allows, including to provide country-specific information regarding the planned response

Priority Activities by Sector

EDUCATION

  1. Identify and establish temporary learning spaces, to facilitate access to education and provide a protective environment for boys and girls, including children with disabilities.
  2. Distribute school furniture, school kits and manuals, including Early Childhood Development kits for students and teachers.
  3. Support WASH in schools in partnership with the WASH sector.
  4. Provide mental health and PSS for students and teachers.
  5. Training for teachers, children, and communities on protection risks, including violence prevention.
  6. Clearing debris from destroyed school sites, small repairs and rehabilitation of classrooms/schools in partnership with early recovery efforts.
  7. Establish or expand school meals programmes to provide more meals or reach more children.

FOOD SECURITY & LIVELIHOODS

  1. Determine the need for assessment of agricultural infrastructure damage and if necessary provide solutions for rehabilitation and resumption of agricultural production.
  2. If required, restocking small livestock, distributing vaccines, and providing animal feed in order to avoid further livestock losses.
  3. Repairing damaged vessels and providing fishing gear to those that have lost their productive assets.

HEALTH

  1. Provide life-saving multisectoral assistance to people affected by the hurricane.

    • Ensure treatment and rehabilitation services for injured people, including referrals and transfer of critical patients to unaffected areas and specialized health facilities.
    • Ensure availability of critically scarce medicines, medical supplies and equipment and health commodities, as well as strengthen health supply chain management - inclusive of medicines and vaccines.
    • Ensure continued access to an integrated package of essential health services in the most affected areas, including sexual and reproductive health, clinical management of rape, obstetric care and HIV and STI management, among others.
    • Procure and deliver sexual and reproductive health equipment and supplies, maternity and dignity kits including for implementation of the Minimum Initial Services Package for SRH in emergencies.
    • Ensure mental health assistance and Psychosocial Support (PSS) first aid to people affected by the hurricane, service providers, their families and first responders, through culturally relevant programmes for adults and children.
    • Support the coordination of health assistance for an agile and effective health response, including strengthening and equipping the operational coordination mechanisms in the field.
    • Ensure continued access to immunization services for all ages according to the vaccination schedule.

  2. Support basic services in areas affected by the hurricane.

    • Support sectoral damage and needs assessments, including detailed health needs assessment, health infrastructure and care services (child and elder care) evaluations.
    • Restore local health care delivery capacities through rapid repairs of damaged health infrastructures.
    • Scale-up disease surveillance and outbreak management and control, including prevention and vector control activities.
    • Raise awareness on public health risks and protective measures among people in affected areas.
    • Support water quality monitoring in the areas affected through procurement of water quality control supplies and recruitment/deployment of environmental health technicians and WASH experts.
    • Procure and distribute water treatment and storage solutions (filters, water disinfection tabs, water tanks, etc.) to affected health facilities, families in shelters and impacted communities.
    • Implement measures for the adequate management of sanitation in the affected communities and health facilities, including waste management.
    • Support key groups such as health workers, community leaders, care givers and food handlers to ensure key food safety practices are followed to prevent foodborne disease outbreaks.
    • Implement risk communication strategies and disseminate information to prevent communicable and non-communicable diseases, including social mobilization regarding vector control, prevention of waterborne and vector- borne diseases, including dengue.

NUTRITION

  1. Ensure nutritional support for children under five and with children under two years of age as a priority, and infant and young child feeding.

    • Determine the need for rapid nutritional assessment to identify prevalent feeding practices in affected areas and estimate immediate nutrition support and supplies needs of pregnant and lactating women (PLW) and children under 5 years old, and take relevant action if needed.
    • If necessary, provide support to community workers in affected areas to offer nutrition support and counselling to mothers and caregivers of infants and young children

PROTECTION

  1. Ensure that vulnerable people affected by the emergency with additional vulnerabilities such as the elderly, persons with disabilities, are properly identified and receive equitable and safe access to humanitarian assistance and services.

    • Monitor, document, report (with disaggregation at least by age and gender) and advocate the protection of the rights of the affected population.
    • Provide information and legal aid for households affected by loss of civil documentation and housing, land and property documentation.
    • Set up protection monitoring systems to identify vulnerable affected people, with a specific focus on internally displaced persons, children and adolescents, elderly adults, women, people with disabilities, LGBTIQ+ people and people deprived of liberty, among others.

  2. Provide general protection services.

    • Assess children’s protection needs and identify those most vulnerable and referral.
    • Raise awareness among communities and families on child protection concerns, including family separation and child trafficking.
    • Support to vulnerable families and foster families.
    • Ensure women and girls at risk and survivors of GBV have access to prevention and response services.
    • Develop participatory child safeguarding and GBV prevention strategies and ensure the distribution of dignity kits and life-saving information.
    • Assess and respond to the psychosocial needs of affected populations.
    • Roll out of Return to Happiness (RTH) programme and establishment of Child Friendly Spaces (CFSs) within the shelters.
    • Promotion of “My Child Helpline” app and online mental health and PSS resources (such as young Caribbean minds).
    • Distribution of PSEA material to humanitarian workers and awareness building and sensitization sessions on available SEA reporting mechanisms.

  3. Provide services to GBV survivors

    • GBV risk mitigation and mainstreaming into other sectors including GBV risk assessments; integration of GBV considerations into multisectoral or sector-specific risk assessments safety audits in shelters; working to implement recommendations and strategies to safely monitor, mitigate and address GBV-related risks; establishment of and support for community-based mechanisms.
    • Provide survivor-centered GBV case management, PSS, legal services, and clinical management of rape services and facilitate access to multisectoral services for GBV survivors.
    • Lead stakeholder/inter-agency coordination and establish referral pathways to connect GBV survivors to appropriate, quality, multisectoral services in a timely, safe and confidential manner.
    • Establish women and girls-only safe spaces (WGSS) that are accessible and provide quality services, including psychosocial support and life-saving information.
    • Conduct community-based awareness raising activities to disseminate life-saving information about GBV and GBV services available.

TEMPORARY SHELTER AND NON-FOOD ITEMS (NFIS)

  1. Provide safe and secure emergency shelter and NFIs for people whose homes have been fully destroyed or partially damaged to address immediate shelter needs:

    • Shelter: distribution of tarpaulins, basic tools and fixing kits etc.
    • NFI: Distribution of hygiene kits, dignity kits, blankets, jerrycans and kitchen sets from pre-positioned supplies.

  2. Provide engineering support across affected areas through structural assessments and support for the rehabilitation of key infrastructure such as evacuation shelters and hospitals.
  3. Provide technical support for the management and coordination of emergency shelters used as temporary accommodations for population in need, based on the expertise of national and international shelter management (CCCM) partners.
  4. Support local infrastructure to accommodate the temporary influx of displaced persons in shelters.
  5. Provide coordination for technical and strategic guidance, based on the expertise of national and international shelter partners, to prepare the transition to the reconstruction phase.
  6. Support the transition to durable solutions for individuals and families in need of shelter, for instance for those whose homes have been destroyed or damaged.
  7. Support CCCM workers and shelter managers with information on the identification of unaccompanied and separated children (UASC) and procedures for family reunification.

WASH

  1. Improve access to safe water and sanitation and hygiene

    • Distribute household water treatment products, installation of water treatment units, bladders and water trucking.
    • Procure and distribute hygiene kits, provide handwashing stations and soap, raise awareness on good hygiene practices, particularly those in shelters, ensuring good handwashing practices, consumption of safe drinking water, appropriate sanitation and hygiene facilities.
    • Construct emergency latrines and acquire mobile latrines and latrine emptying and onsite waste management.
    • Ensure affected populations have safe access to, and use, appropriate WASH services in health care and learning facilities for children.

  2. Improve sustainable access to safe water, sanitation and hygiene

    • Conduct technical assessments of damaged community-level water supplies, latrines and concrete handwashing stations, schools and health centres.
    • Rehabilitate water, sanitation and hygiene supply infrastructure.
    • Ensure solid waste management in communities, schools and health centres.

MULTI-PURPOSE CASH (MPC)

  1. Provide rapid unrestricted cash assistance to meet basic needs, in the design of new or expansion of cash transfer for affected populations.
  2. Efficiently deliver cash at scale by leveraging existing transfer mechanisms and initiatives already in place. This could be in the form of cash top-ups to beneficiaries delivering through social protection system as feasible and appropriate.
  3. Support coordinated cash interventions via defined eligibility criteria and mitigating inclusion and exclusion errors.
  4. Monitor impact of MPC and opportunities to connect to longer term social protection.
  5. Roll out of communications on cash transfers to communities in the affected areas.

EMERGENCY TELECOMMUNICATIONS

  1. Conduct a comprehensive impact assessment of the hurricane on telecommunications infrastructure at regional, national and sub-national levels, inclusive of support telecommunication services infrastructure utilized by Amateur Radio operators.
  2. Ensure the assessment identifies and addresses recovery capacity of Telecommunications Networks and infrastructure.
  3. Provide additional capacity to support partners in key common operational locations to maintain operations until national services are fully restored.

LOGISTICS

Implementing the most efficient and coordinated humanitarian response will require key actions to maintain access to common logistics services to responders on the ground. These actions include:

  1. Efficient logistics coordination and information sharing.
  2. Secured road transport and coordinated convoys where necessary.
  3. Emergency airlifting for passengers and cargo.
  4. Coastal transport by barge and small boats.
  5. Emergency augmented storage capacity.

COORDINATION AND SUPPORT SERVICES

  1. Strengthen humanitarian coordination mechanisms and strategies required at regional, national and local levels to respond to hurricane-related emergency needs.
  2. Strengthen communications with communities/community engagement.

SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR CHANGE (SBC) AND ACCOUNTABILITY TO AFFECTED PEOPLE

  1. Support partners and programme sectors in the dissemination of life-saving messages and messages about services.
  2. Support partners to engage children, adolescents and caregivers in the design of response programmes.
  3. Support partners to develop complaints and feedback mechanisms for affected populations.

HOW TO SUPPORT THE HURRICANE BERYL RESPONSE

By making a financial contribution towards the Flash Appeal

Financial contributions to reputable aid agencies are one of the most valuable and effective forms of help during humanitarian emergencies. This page indicates several ways to contribute towards the response to Hurricane Beryl. Public and private sector donors are invited to contribute cash directly through the Flash Appeal.

While humanitarian aid is needed urgently in the countries covered by this plan, OCHA urges donors to refrain from sending unsolicited in-kind donations that may not correspond to identified needs or meet international quality standards. In-kind donations are useful when they meet a pre-identified need on the ground for which supply through other means (procurement, prepositioned stock, logistics) is not available. In other circumstances they may not fit needs, can potentially be administratively burdensome, and may undermine local markets. If you wish to make an in-kind contribution of goods or services, please email OCHAPrivateSector@un.org.

By making a contribution to the UN Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF)

The Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF) is a fast and effective way to support rapid humanitarian response. The Secretary-General has called for total annual CERF contributions of one billion dollars – a goal that the UN General Assembly endorsed. CERF provides immediate funding for life-saving humanitarian action at the onset of emergencies and for crises that have not attracted sufficient funding. Contributions are welcome year-round, whether from governments or private sector donors. The CERF needs regular replenishment. Please see this link on how to become a CERF donor: www.unocha.org/cerf/donate

By partnering with local and global businesses and disaster response and recovery

The region impacted by Hurricane Beryl has a strong and vibrant private sector which will play an important role in this response. The OCHA-UNDP Connecting Business initiative (CBi) works with local businesses to prepare for, respond to, and recover from disasters. Through a partnership with the Network of Caribbean Chambers of Commerce (CARICHAM), CBi is supporting the Belize Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Grenada Chamber of Industry and Commerce and Saint. Vincent and the Grenadines Chamber of Industry and Commerce. Caribbean businesses that wish to support the Hurricane Beryl response are encouraged to work with and through these CBi Member Networks. Contact connectingbusiness@un.org for more information. In addition, OCHA’s Private Sector Unit can provide neutral advice and support to businesses and private foundations around the world that wish to support the response to Hurricane Bery. Contact OCHAPrivateSector@un.org to request assistance or for more information.

By supporting public outreach & Advocacy

Lend your voice and advocate to highlight the critical needs in countries affected by hurricane Beryl. The easiest way to do this is by resharing social media posts on Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, and Instagram or by including a call to action in your internal or external communications.

By reporting your contributions to OCHA's Financial Tracking Service (FTS)

The United Nations Secretary-General encourages donors to coordinate their efforts with the United Nations to ensure coherence with priority needs and minimize gaps and duplications with the other responders. The easiest way to do so is by reporting any contributions made to the United Nations.

Reporting contributions through FTS enhances transparency and accountability and gives us the opportunity to recognize generous contributions. It helps us to identify crucial funding gaps. Please report contributions to fts@un.org or by completing the online form at fts.unocha.org. When recording in-kind contributions on FTS, please pro- vide a brief description of the goods or services and the estimated value in US$ or the original currency if possible.

References

  1. Population and exposure are calculated using PDC’s All-Hazards Impact Model (AIM).
  2. https://caribbeanwomencount.unwomen.org/countries.html?country=5